This is a short supplementary follow up report and builds on a detailed analysis of The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach, originally published in January 2019, which examines the potential effects of Brexit on the short, medium and long-term health and well-being of people living in Wales.
Adverse childhood experiences, including physical, sexual or emotional abuse, can have detrimental impacts on child and adult health. However, little research has explored the impact that such early life experiences have on oral health. This study examines whether experiencing adverse childhood experiences before the age of 18 years is associated with self-reported poor dental health in later life.
This resource provides key learning and actions that public bodies, policy makers and practitioners can take to implement the sustainable development principle, as set out in the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015.
This report is the first in a series of reports that has sought to understand the landscape in policing vulnerability across Wales, which in turn will support the E.A.T programme approach. It outlines the reality of responding to vulnerable individuals for frontline officers, the enablers and blockers in current service delivery and examines the introduction of the Adverse Childhood Experience Trauma-Informed Multi-agency Early Action Together training (ACE TIME training). This report provides the individual, situational and organisational context within which to view post-ACE TIME training findings and provide key recommendations when preparing to deliver a National transformational and cultural change programme within policing.
This report provides a high-level overview of the journey and transition from the localised South Wales Police PIF project to a National Programme of Transformational change. It details the key framework of the E.A.T programme, its aims and objectives, key roles, mechanisms of delivery in the ACE TIME training and evaluation measures used. The findings from a small pilot study are presented, which considers the fidelity of the training package and the evaluation tools developed to measure the impact of the training prior to national roll-out.
The article was published by Journal of COMMUNITY SAFETY & WELL-BEING, and provides a narrative of the delivery of the ACE TIME training to police officers and partners, as part of a Wales-wide police transformation. This highlights that following training, officers are identifying and applying root cause understanding of crime and harm and developing public understanding of existing early intervention assets and pathways of support in their local area. The article also provides considerations for future planning to ensure approaches continue to be embedded.
The report focuses on contemporary population health concerns related to diets where taxation has been considered or implemented elsewhere, and/or is a viable innovation within the Welsh context. Excluded from the scope of this report are topic areas where taxation and other fiscal policy approaches are already in place by UK Government (for example, on alcohol and tobacco) and environmental-related taxation.
This report supports action by bringing together evidence and understanding of resilience at an individual and community level and the interdependence between them, how to measure change in resilience (Section 4), and provides an overview of programmes which seek to strengthen resilience at an individual and community level.
Health inequities are not inevitable. Coordinated policy action on the determinants of health combined with well designed and implemented governance approaches have a dual effect on reducing the health gap and improving overall population health. This guide is the first product developed under Public Health Wales’ WHO Collaborating Centre (WHO CC) on Investment for Health and Well-being work programme and outlines four key phases on how to synthesize, translate and communicate public health economics evidence into policy and practice. The interrelated four phases guide the reader through the process of developing evidence-informed products, which are context and target audience specific. The guide aims to (i) prevent disinvestment in health; (ii) increase investment in prevention (public health); and (iii) and mainstream cross-sectoral investment to address the wider determinants of health and equity, driving sustainable development for prosperity for all. It has been developed based on a mixed-method approach including an evidence review, interviews with national and international experts, and a multisectoral stakeholder consultation which ensured relevance and transferability across sectors, contexts, settings and countries.
Examining the relationship between ACEs and future risk of homelessness.
This report is an extension of Public Health Wales’ Making a Difference publications and aims to inform, support and advocate for wider health policy and cross-sector approaches and interventions offering benefits to the public, health system, society and the economy. The report summarises the impact housing (across tenure) has on health and well-being across the life course; sets out the case for investing in housing as a determinant of health by identifying which interventions work and offer value for money; and identifies priority areas for preventative action within Wales.
The Wales Health Impact Assessment Support Unit have published a framework for training and capacity building in HIA this week. The technical report sets out an underpinning framework for the WHIASU’s approach to the design, development, delivery and evaluation of training and capacity building for HIA over the next five years. The framework is the result of 18 months research, development and engagement. The technical document details a newly developed ‘Skills and Knowledge Framework for HIA’ and a ‘Development Pathway for HIA’ which can inform workforce development and capacity building. The framework has been developed with engagement and feedback from HIA practitioners from Wales and beyond. It has also been designed with the input of key stakeholders including Natural Resources Wales, Local Health Boards, planning officers, environmental health practitioners, and public health specialists.
We hope the report will be a useful resource for service planners, practitioners and commissioners to support innovation and development towards an ACE-free future.
A scoping review to explore the evidence base for retrospective routine enquiry in adults for ACEs, including feasibility and acceptability amongst practitioners, service user acceptability and outcomes from implementation.
The findings of this report demonstrate the population wide negative consequences of violent extremism to the well-being and cohesion of our communities. They identify how poverty, inequalities, isolation, abusive childhoods, difficulties with identity and mental ill-health can contribute to risks of violent extremism. Critically, the report examines how a public health approach can offer solutions that target these risk factors whilst police activities continue to tackle those who are already actively planning terrorist atrocities.
The prisoner ACE survey surveyed a prison population to understand how many ACEs they had experienced and the associations between ACEs and offending histories.
This study compares UK nightlife users’ ideal levels of drunkenness to their expected drunkenness on a night out and their perceptions of descriptive nightlife norms
This article sought to explore sources of sexual heath advice and treatment for students at Welsh universities (n = 3007).
This study addresses the gaps in knowledge of health services experiences of adult asylum seekers and refugees in Wales, to inform policy and practice with the view to realising Wales’ ambition to become a Nation of Sanctuary, and supporting universal health coverage in line with the Well-being of Future Generations Act.
A study to examine if data routinely collected by child death overview panels (CDOPs) could be used to measure ACE exposure and examine any associations between ACEs and child death categories. Data covering four years (2012-2016) of cases from a CDOP in North West England were studied.
‘Sustainability on the Agenda’ highlights some of the practical ways in which we can contribute to Wales’ Well-being Goals when we arrange meetings and events/ conferences.
Public Health Wales’ ‘Biodiversity Duty report’ has been produced in response to the enhanced biodiversity and resilience of ecosystems duty under Section 6 of the Environment (Wales) Act 2016 which requires that public authorities must seek to maintain and enhance biodiversity so far as is consistent with the proper exercise of their functions and in doing so promote the resilience of ecosystems.
The Biodiversity and Resilience of Ecosystems Duty Report 2019 outlines how Public Health Wales has addressed its biodiversity duty under the Environment (Wales) Act 2016 and achieved the actions identified in its Biodiversity Plan, Making Space for Nature.
‘A Healthy Heritage’ highlights some of the practical ways in which we can contribute to Wales’ Well-being Goals by supporting our culture and Welsh language in the workplace.
By preserving and learning from our history and culture we can re-energise, safeguard and share our heritage for future generations.
Our heritage is a key tool to support positive change, people who know more about each other and their local area tend to get more involved in their local communities, building a sustainable future where people feel they belong.
‘Creating Inclusive Workplaces’ highlights some of the practical ways in which we can contribute to Wales’ Well-being Goals by helping to create ‘a more equal Wales’ which enables people to fulfil their potential no matter what their background or circumstance.
This study combines data from 10 European cross-sectional ACE studies among young adults in educational institutions, to explore ACE prevalence, supportive childhood relationships and health outcomes (early alcohol initiation, problem alcohol use, smoking, drug use, therapy, suicide attempt).
Police safeguarding notifications over a one-year period for a local authority in Wales were matched to social care records to understand levels of police-identified vulnerability and their outcomes following referral to social services.
A household and online survey to gather the views of 3,310 individuals in Wales on 19 public health statements. Eight demographic and five health related behaviour super profiles were created to explore differences in opinion.
This guide identifies ten key evidence-informed policy opportunities for investment in Wales. Opportunities identified in the report address areas of high burden and cost in Wales, delivering economic as well as social and environmental returns, and supporting sustainable inclusive economic growth. The guide will help decision-makers to implement the Welsh Government’s Prosperity for All national strategy.
Gambling is increasingly being recognised as a public health priority. Recent years have seen a rapid growth in the availability and advertising of gambling, driven by factors including relaxed gambling regulations and technological development.
The United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union (EU) (informally referred to as “Brexit”) is an unprecedented event in UK history, and evidence of the impact of Brexit on a wide range of policy areas is either unknown or highly contested. The Wales Health Impact Assessment Support Unit, Public Health Wales, has carried out a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) to better understand the potential implications of Brexit for future health and well-being in Wales.