The seventh issue of the Bitesize BeSci e-bulletin features advice, case studies and resources on the ‘appliance of science’ – practical examples and tips to help you implement behavioural science within your own work!
Addressing gender inequity is critical to improving health and well-being. This Public Health Wales and Liverpool John Moores University Report examines how gendered experiences across the life course contribute to inequalities and child poverty and the role of intersectionality (such as care giving, single parent households, larger families, young families, disability, ethnicity and income) in shaping experiences.
The report identifies policy options for Wales to respond more effectively to these challenges. The report also shows areas for actions and addressing gender inequalities requires system-wide gender-responsive action that aligns across labour market, care and social protection policies.
A Gender Equity Perspective in Reducing Economic Inactivity is a narrative that applies a gender equity lens to explore the persistently higher levels of economic inactivity among women in Wales. It explores the health-related drivers of economic inactivity and highlights opportunities for policy action to address these challenges and foster gender equity. The narrative is intended to inform policymakers, public health practitioners, and partners across health, economic development, and social policy.
This spotlight feature blog explores how gender inequity shapes women’s health and contributes to health inequalities. It highlights the importance of addressing the social, economic and structural factors that influence health, while showcasing Public Health Wales’ work to support the Welsh Government’s Women’s Health Plan and drive action towards a fairer, healthier Wales.
Smoking remains one of the leading causes of preventable illness, premature death and health inequalities in Wales. This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the costs of smoking across health and social care, productivity and environmental domains, offering robust evidence to support tobacco control policies, target action where the burden is greatest, and accelerate progress towards a smoke-free Wales.
Key highlights of the report:
1) Smoking causes a deep financial burden in Wales with total cost of £1.56 billion annually, including from health and social care, productivity, and environmental impacts.
2) Deprivation and area-related inequalities are a critical driver of the burden of smoking, which in turn increases health inequalities.
3) The cost of smoking in Wales is driven substantially by productivity losses and social care, and it vastly exceeds the revenue generated by tobacco taxation.
This report presents findings from a cross-sectional panel survey completed in February 2026 by 1,656 people aged 16 years and over who live in Wales. The survey was completed using Time to Talk Public Health (TTPH), a broadly representative population panel run by Public Health Wales to regularly engage with the public on a variety of public health topics.
Topics in this survey were:
– Cold homes
– Violence against women, domestic abuse, and sexual violence
– Second-hand smoking
– Child poverty.
If you are interested in the demographic breakdown data associated with this report, please contact [email protected].
The International Health Coordination Centre’s (IHCC) International Health Newsletter promotes and shares international news, events and initiatives with partners across Wales and beyond.
The newsletter was piloted in May 2023, thereon issued quarterly.
View the latest issue here.
This impact report is for Public Health Wales staff, and stakeholders working across the wider public health system in Wales. It sets out the range of work which the Behavioural Science Unit has undertaken over 2025-2026, focusing on how the Unit is progressing against the areas outlined in the Behavioural Science Enabling Plan for Wales. It acknowledges the partners who have worked with the Unit, provides insight for those that are considering future collaboration, and reflects on the contribution of collective activities towards the routine application of behavioural science for better health and equity.
Understanding food environments and portion size behaviours in Wales
This report presents findings from a cross-sectional survey of 1,460 people aged 16 years and over who live in Wales, conducted through the Time to Talk Public Health (TTPH) population panel. The sample was broadly representative of people living in Wales. The survey explored types of main meals eaten, lunchtime behaviours when away from the home, meal finishing behaviour, and portion size behaviours and attitudes. Analysis by socio-demographic characteristics identified population groups more likely at risk of engaging in behaviours associated with living with overweight and obesity. These groups were young adults, males, people living in more deprived areas, and those who perceive themselves as heavier. More action is needed to address what drives these behaviours.
Liz Green and Kathryn Ashton of the Wales Health Impact Assessment Support Unit (WHIASU) recently published an article titled ‘Institutionalisation of health impact assessment. A systematic scoping review and development of a descriptive conceptual framework’ in the journal of Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal.
The paper is the first practical framework for the field/other nation states/organisations to use to measure how mature they are (or not) in HIA. It highlights the enablers and barriers and the 4 key stages of HIA institutionalisation, namely: advocacy, adoption, implementation and finally institutionalisation. These are mapped against a practical ‘wall of institutionalisation’ which contains the critical activities, factors and facilitators needed for institutionalising HIA. Other nation states and organisations can use these to measure themselves against to identify how mature they are (or not) in the path to institutionalisation and critical factors they presently have or need to strive for.
An Infographic summarising findings from the Behavioural Science Community for Wales survey. This includes insights into the types of stakeholders who comprise the Community, reasons for engagement, and how this translates into impact.
Healthy homes are a fundamental building block for wellbeing, opportunity, and a fair start in life. Yet across Wales, too many families continue to live in housing that is cold, damp, insecure, overcrowded, or unaffordable. These conditions can have profound and lasting impacts on children’s physical and mental health, educational outcomes, and long term life chances.
This publication brings together the voices of families living in unhealthy homes with evidence and insights from stakeholders to inform policy, build a shared and holistic understanding of “healthy homes,” and highlight practical examples and solutions that demonstrate how housing can promote health and wellbeing for all people in Wales.
This briefing presents the experiences of 15 people living in low-income households. It draws on objective indoor temperature monitoring and interviews exploring awareness and understanding of healthy indoor temperature guidelines and the impacts of home temperature on health and well-being.
This report presents findings from a national household survey of adults aged 60 years and over in Wales. The survey asked about a range of adverse experiences since the age of 60, including exposure to abuse, feeling lonely or socially isolated, struggling financially, being unable to access health or social care, and feeling overwhelmed by caregiving responsibilities. The report examines relationships between these five experiences and participants’ health and wellbeing, including self-rated bad health, alcohol and tobacco use, mental health, life satisfaction and ageism experience. It finds that abuse, feeling lonely or socially isolated and struggling financially in later life are independently associated with poorer health.
This International Health Insights report explores global evidence on dementia prevention and the importance of supporting brain health across the life course.
The report reviews international best practice and highlights successful approaches from countries including Finland, Japan, South Korea, Uruguay, and the United Kingdom.
Key messages:
Dementia is not an inevitable part of ageing. Addressing modifiable risk factors across the life course could prevent up to 45% of cases. Effective prevention requires integrated action at three levels:
1. Single component behavioural change interventions remain essential foundations, targeting individual risk factors such as physical inactivity, smoking, social isolation, alcohol misuse, and untreated hearing or vision loss. component behavioural change interventions
2. Multi component interventions that target multiple, clustered risk factors represent the most promising strategy.
3. Structural population-level measures such as fiscal policies, legislation, marketing restrictions, environmental adaptations are critical to complement lifestyle-based approaches.
The sixth issue of the Bitesize BeSci e-bulletin features advice, case studies and resources on developing behaviourally informed communications.
This guide provides step-by-step support to public bodies required to carry out HIAs under the HIA regulations in Wales. The Guide:
• Explains the legal requirements and when an HIA is needed
• Sets out a clear process and steps to follow, from start to finish
• Includes practical tools, templates, and examples to help ensure compliance and transparency.
This guidance is designed to help you understand the Regulations, but it should not be treated as a comprehensive or full explanation of the law in this area. From 06 April 2027, it is the responsibility of the relevant organisations and individuals to make sure they comply.
You should always check the full legislation and consider getting independent legal or professional advice if you’re unsure about your obligations.
This guide is designed for organisations and practitioners who wish to undertake a HIA voluntarily as part of good practice. The guide:
• Encourages the proactive, best practice use of HIA to strengthen decision-making and consider inequalities
• Is not limited to strategic decisions but is suitable for a range of decisions
• Outlines the HIA process and flexible methods that can be tailored to projects, policies, or plans of any scale
• Promotes a participatory approach by engaging with stakeholders to identify a wide range of positive and unintended negative impacts.
This resource is for use during the Screening and Evidence Appraisal steps of a HIA to identify the wider determinants, and population groups who could be impacted by a policy/project/proposal. This resource is just a guide and is not exhaustive. It is acknowledged that terminology can change over time.
This Screening record sheet can be used at the Screening step of the HIA process to help guide and record discussions. This is to be used alongside the Population Groups and Wider Determinants of Health and Well-being resource.
This document has been designed to be downloaded to your computer. The document will need to opened in Adobe Acrobat or Adobe Acrobat Reader which can be downloaded for free from https://get.adobe.com/uk/reader/
Please note that, without Acrobat, you will be able to view the document but you will not be able to add your own information or save the file.
This resource can be used during the Scoping step of the HIA process. Guidance notes are provided at the end of this resource to support completion. Ideally, the scoping should be completed by more than one individual.
The scoping step determines the project management, governance, process, objectives, focus and scale of a HIA. It also contributes to fulfilling key values and principles that underpin the implementation of HIA including transparency, participation and robustness.
This document has been designed to be downloaded to your computer. The document will need to opened in Adobe Acrobat or Adobe Acrobat Reader which can be downloaded for free from https://get.adobe.com/uk/reader/
Please note that, without Acrobat, you will be able to view the document but you will not be able to add your own information or save the file.
This is an example agenda which can be used when running a participatory workshop at either the Screening step or the Evidence Appraisal step of the HIA.
This template can be used at the Evidence Appraisal step of the HIA process to help record discussions during a participatory workshop. This is to be used alongside the Population Groups and Wider Determinants of Health and Well-being resource.
This document has been designed to be downloaded to your computer. The document will need to opened in Adobe Acrobat or Adobe Acrobat Reader which can be downloaded for free from https://get.adobe.com/uk/reader/
Please note that, without Acrobat, you will be able to view the document but you will not be able to add your own information or save the file.
The Welsh Health Equity Solutions Platform (WHESP) has published a new Spotlight Feature Blog exploring how the Health Impact Assessment (Wales) Regulations is set to transform strategic decision-making and strengthen health equity across Wales.
Public Health Wales has worked in collaboration with members of the Financial Wellbeing Delivery Plan for Wales Steering Group, including the Money and Pensions Service and Welsh Government, to set out the links between money and health outcomes in Wales. Financial wellbeing is a key building block of people’s health and wellbeing because when people have money worries it can lead to chronic stress, which is harmful to our physical and mental health. Here we highlight who is most affected by these issues and how a public health approach can improve long-term health and financial wellbeing.
Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly being recognised as public health challenges. This report aims to present loneliness, social isolation and social connection in Wales from a public health perspective. Intended for professionals, policymakers and other individuals working directly or indirectly in the field of social connection, it includes data and evidence on: the prevalence of loneliness, social isolation and social connection in Wales and the population groups most affected; factors that increase the risk of loneliness and social isolation; impacts on health and well-being; evidence on solutions; examples of good practice in Wales; and key areas for future action.
Time to Talk Public Health is a nationally representative panel of Welsh residents established by Public Health Wales to enable regular public engagement to inform public health policy and practice. The panel is designed to be broadly representative of the Welsh population by age, sex, deprivation, ethnicity and health board. This report presents findings from the October 2025 survey covering: Source of Health Information, Health Policy, Health and Well-Being After Pregnancy, Ageism, and Public Health Wales.
The International Health Coordination Centre’s (IHCC) International Health Newsletter promotes and shares international news, events and initiatives with partners across Wales and beyond.
The newsletter was piloted in May 2023, thereon issued quarterly.
View the latest issue here.
This HIA report was undertaken by the Lung Cancer Screening Project Team, consisting of representatives from across the NHS, which was supported by the Wales Health Impact Assessment Support Unit (WHIASU), through the facilitation of a HIA participatory workshop. The project team was established in April 2024, with the final report being published in September 2025. The rapid participatory HIA, concentrated on gathering Welsh stakeholder knowledge and insight into the proposed introduction of a national lung cancer screening programme from the perspective of both the service users and those involved with the delivery of the service.
This report gives a background to the project and to HIA itself, before looking at the Participatory HIA workshop in more detail, which was carried out in October 2024, showing what population groups were identified and the determinants of health individually, using WHIASUs Population Groups and Determinants of Health checklists. The report suggests that the National Lung Cancer Screening Programme has the potential to highly benefit the population of Wales, by identifying lung cancers early and through the integrated promotion of smoking cessation services. In addition, the report also highlights the work necessary to ensure that an accessible and equitable screening programme is delivered.
This study explores how a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) was used to evaluate a proposed harm reduction pilot programme in Wales providing safer inhalation devices (SIDs) for people who smoke crack cocaine, a group facing significant health risks and lacking targeted harm reduction services. Through stakeholder engagement, including people with lived experience, the HIA identified potential benefits such as reduced risk of infections, safer equipment use, and improved engagement with services, alongside challenges like resource pressures and access issues.
Overall, the findings highlight that an SID pilot could help reduce health inequalities and stigma, while demonstrating the value of HIA in shaping inclusive, evidence-informed public health interventions and guiding future implementation and evaluation.
This article explores how men can be effectively supported to intervene as prosocial bystanders in incidents of sexual harassment within South Wales’ nighttime economy. Using interviews and focus groups with men aged 18–54, the research developed five behavioural “personas” that capture the diverse psychological perspectives influencing decisions to step in.
Through the COM-B model, the study identifies common barriers—particularly limited knowledge of safe intervention techniques and uncertainty around legal implications—as well as important motivational and contextual factors. The persona-based approach demonstrates that men cannot be treated as a single audience; instead, tailored strategies are needed to meet different support needs.