Public acceptability of public health policy to improve population health: a population-based survey
A study to explore public acceptance of public health statements in Wales.
Adverse childhood experiences in child refugee and asylum seeking populations
This report aims to bring together what we know about ACEs in refugee and asylum seeking children arriving and settling into host countries, highlighting their nature, extent and impact.
Public Engagement Survey on Health and Wellbeing during Coronavirus Measures – Week 2
Public Health Wales conducted a public engagement telephone survey to ask members of the public in Wales how coronavirus and related control measures are affecting their health and wellbeing. Weekly Survey reports aimed to provide data representative of the Welsh population and data are adjusted to represent the Welsh population by age, sex and deprivation.
An evaluation of the Adverse Childhood Experience Trauma Informed Multi-agency Early Action Together (ACE TIME) training: national roll out to police and partners
The pan-Wales Early Action Together (E.A.T.) programme aimed to develop a whole systems response to vulnerability to enable police and multi-agency (MA) partners to recognise signs of vulnerability at the earliest opportunity and to work together to provide access to support beyond statutory services. Key to achieving this was the development and delivery of the Adverse Childhood Experience Trauma Informed Multi-agency Early Action Together (ACE TIME) training programme. The current report evaluated the phase one roll out of the ACE TIME training (from September 2018 to January 2019).
Life course health consequences and associated annual costs of adverse childhood experiences across Europe and North America: a meta-analysis
An increasing number of studies are identifying associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and ill health throughout the life course. We aimed to calculate the proportions of major risk factors for and causes of ill health that are attributable to one or multiple types of ACE and the associated financial costs.
Mental health selection: common mental disorder and migration between multiple states of deprivation in a UK cohort
This study investigates to what extent poor mental health influences selective migration.
Improving winter health and well-being and reducing winter pressures in Wales
This report aims to describe the impact of winter and cold weather on health and well-being in Wales and the subsequent effects on health and care services, in a way that can inform strategic planning for the future.
Improving winter health and well-being and reducing winter pressures in Wales – Technical Report
This technical report acknowledges the effects of traditional seasonal factors that cause poor health such as influenza and injuries due to falls, as well as finding wider issues such as poverty, poor housing and unhealthy behaviours having a significant impact on winter health and well-being.
The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment approach – A Rapid Review and Update
This is a short supplementary follow up report and builds on a detailed analysis of The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach, originally published in January 2019, which examines the potential effects of Brexit on the short, medium and long-term health and well-being of people living in Wales.
Understanding the association between self-reported poor oral health and exposure to adverse childhood experiences: a retrospective study
Adverse childhood experiences, including physical, sexual or emotional abuse, can have detrimental impacts on child and adult health. However, little research has explored the impact that such early life experiences have on oral health. This study examines whether experiencing adverse childhood experiences before the age of 18 years is associated with self-reported poor dental health in later life.
A Taxing Issue
The report focuses on contemporary population health concerns related to diets where taxation has been considered or implemented elsewhere, and/or is a viable innovation within the Welsh context. Excluded from the scope of this report are topic areas where taxation and other fiscal policy approaches are already in place by UK Government (for example, on alcohol and tobacco) and environmental-related taxation.
Resilience – Understanding the Interdependence Between Individuals and Communities
This report supports action by bringing together evidence and understanding of resilience at an individual and community level and the interdependence between them, how to measure change in resilience (Section 4), and provides an overview of programmes which seek to strengthen resilience at an individual and community level.
How to Make the Case for Sustainable Investment in Well-being and Health Equity: A Practical Guide
Health inequities are not inevitable. Coordinated policy action on the determinants of health combined with well designed and implemented governance approaches have a dual effect on reducing the health gap and improving overall population health. This guide is the first product developed under Public Health Wales’ WHO Collaborating Centre (WHO CC) on Investment for Health and Well-being work programme and outlines four key phases on how to synthesize, translate and communicate public health economics evidence into policy and practice. The interrelated four phases guide the reader through the process of developing evidence-informed products, which are context and target audience specific. The guide aims to (i) prevent disinvestment in health; (ii) increase investment in prevention (public health); and (iii) and mainstream cross-sectoral investment to address the wider determinants of health and equity, driving sustainable development for prosperity for all. It has been developed based on a mixed-method approach including an evidence review, interviews with national and international experts, and a multisectoral stakeholder consultation which ensured relevance and transferability across sectors, contexts, settings and countries.
The evidence base for routine enquiry into adverse childhood experiences: A scoping review.
A scoping review to explore the evidence base for retrospective routine enquiry in adults for ACEs, including feasibility and acceptability amongst practitioners, service user acceptability and outcomes from implementation.
Preventing violent extremism in the UK: Public health solutions
The findings of this report demonstrate the population wide negative consequences of violent extremism to the well-being and cohesion of our communities. They identify how poverty, inequalities, isolation, abusive childhoods, difficulties with identity and mental ill-health can contribute to risks of violent extremism. Critically, the report examines how a public health approach can offer solutions that target these risk factors whilst police activities continue to tackle those who are already actively planning terrorist atrocities.
Ideal, expected and perceived descriptive norm drunkenness in UK nightlife environments: a cross-sectional study.
This study compares UK nightlife users’ ideal levels of drunkenness to their expected drunkenness on a night out and their perceptions of descriptive nightlife norms
Associations between childhood deaths and adverse childhood experiences: An audit of data from a child death overview panel.
A study to examine if data routinely collected by child death overview panels (CDOPs) could be used to measure ACE exposure and examine any associations between ACEs and child death categories. Data covering four years (2012-2016) of cases from a CDOP in North West England were studied.
Adverse childhood experiences, childhood relationships and associated substance use and mental health in young Europeans
This study combines data from 10 European cross-sectional ACE studies among young adults in educational institutions, to explore ACE prevalence, supportive childhood relationships and health outcomes (early alcohol initiation, problem alcohol use, smoking, drug use, therapy, suicide attempt).
Understanding the outcome of police safeguarding notifications to social services in South Wales.
Police safeguarding notifications over a one-year period for a local authority in Wales were matched to social care records to understand levels of police-identified vulnerability and their outcomes following referral to social services.
Stay Well in Wales super profiles: who thinks what about the nation’s health
A household and online survey to gather the views of 3,310 individuals in Wales on 19 public health statements. Eight demographic and five health related behaviour super profiles were created to explore differences in opinion.
Driving Prosperity for All through Investing for Health and Well-being – An Evidence Informed Guide for Cross-sector Investment
This guide identifies ten key evidence-informed policy opportunities for investment in Wales. Opportunities identified in the report address areas of high burden and cost in Wales, delivering economic as well as social and environmental returns, and supporting sustainable inclusive economic growth. The guide will help decision-makers to implement the Welsh Government’s Prosperity for All national strategy.
Gambling as a public health issue in Wales
Gambling is increasingly being recognised as a public health priority. Recent years have seen a rapid growth in the availability and advertising of gambling, driven by factors including relaxed gambling regulations and technological development.
The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach
The United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union (EU) (informally referred to as “Brexit”) is an unprecedented event in UK history, and evidence of the impact of Brexit on a wide range of policy areas is either unknown or highly contested. The Wales Health Impact Assessment Support Unit, Public Health Wales, has carried out a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) to better understand the potential implications of Brexit for future health and well-being in Wales.
Asking about adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in health visiting: Findings from a pilot study
This report explores key findings from the evaluation of an initial pilot of ACE enquiry delivered with mothers during early engagement with health visiting services across Anglesey, North Wales. The pilot took place between October 2017 and July 2018 and engaged 321 mothers in a supportive, ACE-informed discussion about childhood adversity and its impacts on health, wellbeing and parenting.
School-based violence prevention: a practical handbook
This resource: School-based violence prevention: a practical handbook, is about schools, education and violence prevention. It provides guidance for school officials and education authorities on how schools can embed violence prevention within their routine activities and across the points of interaction schools provide with children, parents and other community members. If implemented, the handbook will contribute much to helping achieve the SDGs and other global health and development goals.
Does adult alcohol consumption combine with adverse childhood experiences to increase involvement in violence in men and women? A cross-sectional study in England and Wales
A study to examine if, and to what extent, a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) combines with adult alcohol consumption to predict recent violence perpetration and victimisation.
Do emotions related to alcohol consumption differ by alcohol type? An international cross-sectional survey of emotions associated with alcohol consumption and influence on drink choice in different settings
This article examines the emotions associated with drinking different types of alcohol, whether these emotions differ by socio demographics and alcohol dependency and whether the emotions associated with different drink types influence people’s choice of drinks in different settings.
Mass Unemployment Events (MUEs) Prevention and Response from a Public Health Perspective
This publication aims to address the gap caused by the downsizing or closure of a single large employer in a localised area, and provides a public health informed response framework which takes into consideration the impact on the wider determinants of health and the populations affected.
Health and mass unemployment events – developing a framework for preparedness and response (paper)
Paper summarising MUE report
Futures for Wales
We are living in an increasingly changing and globalised world, where new developments and transformation over the next century will be greater than those of the previous millennia. This poses multiple and sometimes unknown challenges as well as bringing new opportunities.